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	<title>The Troll-Range &#187; Hardware</title>
	<atom:link href="http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/category/linux/hardware/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://blog.trollgod.org.uk</link>
	<description>Ghworg&#039;s wibblings and geek projects.</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Sat, 12 Nov 2011 10:10:47 +0000</lastBuildDate>
	<language>en</language>
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		<title>Virgin Media are petty scumbags</title>
		<link>http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2009/04/virgin-media-are-petty-scumbags/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2009/04/virgin-media-are-petty-scumbags/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 29 Apr 2009 18:27:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ghworg</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Admin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Internet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bandwidth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cablemodem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[munin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[snmp]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/?p=150</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>For a few days now I&#8217;ve been working (a few minutes at a time) on writing a post about how to monitor your bandwidth usage using munin by directly querying your cable-modem. Today however, when I checked my nice munin graph I found it had stopped working at about 8AM. Some further diagnostic procedures <span style="color:#777"> . . . &#8594; Read More: <a href="http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2009/04/virgin-media-are-petty-scumbags/">Virgin Media are petty scumbags</a></span>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>For a few days now I&#8217;ve been working (a few minutes at a time) on writing a post about how to monitor your bandwidth usage using <a href="http://munin.projects.linpro.no/">munin</a> by directly querying your cable-modem.  Today however, when I checked my nice munin graph I found it had stopped working at about 8AM.  Some further diagnostic procedures revealed that the cable modem was no longer responding to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_Network_Management_Protocol">SNMP</a> requests.</p>
<p>After a bit of googling I discovered the reason for this is that my ISP, Virgin Media, have deliberately disabled SNMP access.  Reports vary on the reasons for this, some claim &#8220;performance&#8221; others &#8220;security&#8221;, but both are utterly bogus reasons.  All this does is deny customers basic information about their connection like bandwidth usage, and I can only conclude that Virgin Media want to make it more difficult for people to dispute their figures.</p>
<p>This isn&#8217;t enough to make me ditch VM, but it has pissed me off, and the next time I move house VM are going to be waaay down the list of providers I&#8217;ll look at.</p>
<p>PS.  My router doesn&#8217;t support SNMP either so I can&#8217;t use that.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Let my kernel be Free</title>
		<link>http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2009/04/let-my-kernel-be-free/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2009/04/let-my-kernel-be-free/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 24 Apr 2009 23:00:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ghworg</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ati]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[freesoftware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[kernel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[radeon]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/?p=319</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p class="wp-caption-text">Playing a movie using Free driver</p> <p>There has been some interesting progress on the open-source drivers for ATI graphics cards recently. It has long been a goal of mine to have a completely Free kernel, it&#8217;s why I bought this laptop rather than an NVidia-based one. I want better 3D performance than Intel <span style="color:#777"> . . . &#8594; Read More: <a href="http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2009/04/let-my-kernel-be-free/">Let my kernel be Free</a></span>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="attachment_322" class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 650px"><a href="http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/desktop1.png"><img src="http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/desktop1.png" alt="Playing a movie using Free driver" title="KDE_3.5_Desktop" width="640" height="400" class="size-full wp-image-322" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Playing a movie using Free driver</p></div>
<p>There has been some <a href="http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&#038;item=kernel_modesetting&#038;num=1">interesting</a> <a href="http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&#038;item=amd_r700_oss_3d&#038;num=1">progress</a> on the open-source drivers for ATI graphics cards recently.  It has long been a goal of mine to have a completely <a href="http://www.fsf.org/licensing/essays/free-sw.html">Free</a> kernel, it&#8217;s why I bought this laptop rather than an NVidia-based one.  I want better 3D performance than Intel can offer and was originally going to go NVidia because their Linux support was better.  Then ATI released the first load of specs for their cards and I switched my preference.  In the end I bought a Toshiba laptop with a Radeon Mobility 2600 graphics chip (also known as an M76 chip).</p>
<p>I&#8217;m not a zealot when it comes to Free software, I am a pragmatist, I use whatever works best for me.  But experience has taught me that when it comes to Linux kernel code the non-free stuff is always problematic.  Practically every kernel crash I&#8217;ve ever had can be traced back to some non-free driver I had in there.  Who is to blame for this I&#8217;m not going to go into, there are arguments on both sides, but the fact is that if you want a completely stable Linux system you are better off keeping the kernel Free.</p>
<p>Of course it takes time to write drivers for something as complex as a graphics card, so up till now I&#8217;ve been using the proprietary <a href="http://support.amd.com/us/gpudownload/linux/Pages/radeon_linux.aspx?type=2.4.1&#038;product=2.4.1.3.2&#038;lang=English">fglrx drivers</a> from ATI.  A necessary compromise, since when I first installed Debian they were the only thing that would get X to even run.  It works well enough once you learn to avoid doing the things that cause it to crash (like logging out of KDE), but it adds a hassle to upgrades (having to recompile a kernel module, which often fails and needs custom patches) and is rather finicky about its settings.  I&#8217;ve periodically tested the state of the Free drivers, both <a href="http://www.x.org/wiki/radeon">radeon</a> and <a href="http://www.x.org/wiki/radeonhd">radeonhd</a>, and seen steady progress.</p>
<p>Today I found that they have finally reached the <em>good-enough</em> point where I can switch.  The <em>must-have</em> feature for me is tear-free video playback that doesn&#8217;t cause my CPU usage to skyrocket (and hence kick the fan up to unacceptable noise levels).  This means the driver needs accelerated 2D and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_video_extension">xv</a> support, which has now been achieved.</p>
<p>One quick point for anyone else wanting to switch to the Free driver from fglrx.  It won&#8217;t work unless you uninstall fglrx, if you just install them side-by-side and tell X to use the Free driver it will show a corrupted image or a black screen then hang.  I thought there had been a major regression until I tried removing fglrx, after which both free drivers worked perfectly.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m using the <a href="http://packages.debian.org/sid/xserver-xorg-video-radeon">xserver-xorg-video-radeon</a> driver from Debian sid, along with a custom kernel to get the required <a href="http://dri.freedesktop.org/wiki/DRM">DRM</a> support.  The latest (2.6.29) kernel in sid doesn&#8217;t have the right versions of radeon.ko and drm.ko that are needed for the 2D acceleration to work.  There are two ways to get these, you can either compile a new kernel using the drm-rawhide branch of Dave Arlie&#8217;s kernel <a href="http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/airlied/drm-2.6.git;a=summary">http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/airlied/drm-2.6.git;a=summary</a>.  Or you can just use the <a href="http://wiki.x.org/wiki/radeonhd%3Ar6xx_r7xx_branch">instructions on the X wiki</a> to just compile new versions of those two modules.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m using a whole new kernel because I also want to experiment with <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/KernelModesetting">kernel mode setting</a>.  Since radeonfb has never worked on this hardware and the best resolution vesafb can give me is 1024&#215;768 (native res of the LCD is 1280&#215;800), KMS is the only hope I have of getting a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_console_(computer_user-interface)">VT</a> at the proper resolution.</p>
<p>There is no 3D support in the version of the driver I&#8217;m using, but support for that is being written as I type so I&#8217;m hopeful I won&#8217;t have to do without for long.  It isn&#8217;t a huge loss for me since I only use it for playing KotOR under wine and if I get desperate I can reinstall it in Windows (I dual-boot the laptop).  3D would be good for when I switch to KDE4 but again, I can live without it for a while.  I&#8217;m happy with what I have for now, and it won&#8217;t be that long before full 3D support comes along (and I won&#8217;t have to fiddle with code to get it, just aptitude upgrade).</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Suspend works</title>
		<link>http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2007/05/suspend-works/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2007/05/suspend-works/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 20 May 2007 14:51:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ghworg</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Admin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[laptop]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[suspend]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/?p=10</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>I got my Toshiba Tecra 8000 laptop to successfully suspend and resume, yay! The key is not to use the neofb framebuffer, but the vesafb one instead. Also the usb modules uhci_hcd and usbcore need to be unloaded before suspending. If you don&#8217;t then suspend works but instead of a proper resume you get <span style="color:#777"> . . . &#8594; Read More: <a href="http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2007/05/suspend-works/">Suspend works</a></span>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I got my Toshiba Tecra 8000 laptop to successfully suspend and resume, yay!  The key is not to use the neofb framebuffer, but the vesafb one instead.  Also the usb modules <i>uhci_hcd</i> and <i>usbcore</i> need to be unloaded before suspending.  If you don&#8217;t then suspend works but instead of a proper resume you get a black screen with the word &#8220;Linu&#8221; in yellow in the top left.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m using the uswsusp package for the job, s2disk works out of the box (with the above caveats) but s2ram needs the options &#8220;-f -a3 -m&#8221; in order to work.  I would send the details to the devs to add it to the whitelist but there is a slight problem there:</p>
<pre>This machine can be identified by:
    sys_vendor   = ""
    sys_product  = ""
    sys_version  = ""
    bios_version = ""
See <a href="http://en.opensuse.org/S2ram">http://en.opensuse.org/S2ram</a> for details.
</pre>
<p>Not very helpful.  So for now I&#8217;ve just compiled my own so I can run s2both, as that only works with machines that are on the whitelist.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m not sure I can live without neofb however, vesafb is incredibly slow when scrolling text.  I may forget about using suspend and just live with hibernate.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Inconsistant /dev</title>
		<link>http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2006/03/inconsistant-dev/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2006/03/inconsistant-dev/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 29 Mar 2006 04:27:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ghworg</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/?p=58</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>I have two machines running debian testing, my desktop and my laptop. They both boot off the first partition of the first IDE disk, and yet one is listed as /dev/hda1 and the other as /dev/ide/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/part1. They are both running the same software, including the same kernel version compiled with the same options (except <span style="color:#777"> . . . &#8594; Read More: <a href="http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2006/03/inconsistant-dev/">Inconsistant /dev</a></span>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I have two machines running debian testing, my desktop and my laptop.  They both boot off the first partition of the first IDE disk, and yet one is listed as <em>/dev/hda1</em> and the other as <em>/dev/ide/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/part1</em>.  They are both running the same software, including the same kernel version compiled with the same options (except targetted to different CPUs) so why the difference?</p>
<p>They did take different paths to reach this point, and I assume that is the cause, udev (I think thats the responsible party) picking up configs from whatever was installed before.  I recognise the stupidly long path as being a devfs type of thing, and vaguely recall playing with that on the laptop so that&#8217;s probably it.</p>
<p>The big question is, how do I get the laptop to use the nice short path like the desktop does?  Without spending several hours researching into how udev works that is <img src='http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':-)' class='wp-smiley' /> .</p>
<p>(Update: 03/04/2006)<br />
It was udev, and I fixed it by the, obvious in retrospective, simple measure of comparing the <em>/etc/udev</em> dirs on the two machines and changing the laptop&#8217;s one to match.  It had an extra couple of files in it, a <em>devfs</em> one and a <em>compat</em> one.</p>
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		<title>Stopping lockups with nvidia drivers and AGP</title>
		<link>http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2005/11/stopping-lockups-with-nvidia-drivers-and-agp/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2005/11/stopping-lockups-with-nvidia-drivers-and-agp/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 07 Nov 2005 05:15:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ghworg</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/?p=33</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>I use the nvidia drivers on my linux desktop in order to get proper TV output, and in my experience they are unstable pieces of crap. For the longest time my machine would lockup, seemingly at random but more frequently when watching stuff with freevo/mplayer. I finally tracked the problem down to the nvidia <span style="color:#777"> . . . &#8594; Read More: <a href="http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2005/11/stopping-lockups-with-nvidia-drivers-and-agp/">Stopping lockups with nvidia drivers and AGP</a></span>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I use the nvidia drivers on my linux desktop in order to get proper TV output, and in my experience they are unstable pieces of crap.  For the longest time my machine would lockup, seemingly at random but more frequently when watching stuff with <a href="http://freevo.sourceforge.net/about.html">freevo</a>/<a href="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/">mplayer</a>.  I finally tracked the problem down to the nvidia drivers AGP support on VIA chipsets being buggy.  NVidia blame the chipset of course and seem to be unable or unwilling to fix the problem.</p>
<p>Switching off AGP support in the X server config by setting &#8220;NvAGP&#8221; to &#8220;0&#8243; seemed to fix the problem when I was running a 2.4 kernel.  Not useful if you are using the driver for the 3d acceleration, but all I want is tvout so it doesn&#8217;t affect me.</p>
<p>        Section &#8220;Device&#8221;<br />
            Identifier &#8220;Geforce4MX-4000&#8243;<br />
            Driver     &#8220;nvidia&#8221;<br />
            Option     &#8220;IgnoreEDID&#8221;             &#8220;1&#8243;<br />
            Option     &#8220;UseEdidFreqs&#8221;           &#8220;0&#8243;<br />
            Option     &#8220;HWCursor&#8221;               &#8220;0&#8243;<br />
            Option     &#8220;ConnectedMonitor&#8221;       &#8220;TV&#8221;<br />
            Option     &#8220;NvAGP&#8221;                  &#8220;0&#8243;<br />
        EndSection</p>
<p>I recently switched to using a 2.6 kernel though and a few days after the switch the random lockups returned.  A quick check, and sure enough, the via_agp and agpgart modules were loaded indicating the system was using AGP.  No matter what I did I couldn&#8217;t seem to get rid of them.</p>
<p>So I decided drastic measures were needed and dived into the nvidia module source.  I use the debian packages and <a href="http://home.comcast.net/~andrex/Debian-nVidia/installation.html">build using module-assistant</a> rather than the binary direct from NVidia, so these instructions are specific to that although I imagine you could adapt them.</p>
<p>I found the variable that controls the default setting for NvAGP (NVreg_NvAGP in os-registry.c), which is initially 3 (use whatever you can find) and reset it to 0 (don&#8217;t use AGP).  Went to recompile the module and the compile fails, which struck me as very strange, I&#8217;ve only changed one number for fscks sake.  Turns out that even with the value reset back to what it was the code won&#8217;t compile.  Compiling it via module-assistant works fine though, don&#8217;t know what weird shit that is setting in the environment but it must be doing something.</p>
<p>Make the change again and compile a new module using module-assistant, install and reboot.  Normally rebooting isn&#8217;t needed for new modules, but in this case I need to get rid of the agp modules and they won&#8217;t let me remove them once they have loaded.  Everything comes back up fine, but the agp modules are still loaded.  Damn <img src='http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_sad.gif' alt=':-(' class='wp-smiley' />   I go back to the source to see what else I can change and find the NvAGP setting is back to 3!</p>
<p>Turns out module-assistant automatically replaces the source with a new copy from the tarball whenever you compile, so I created a new tarball of the source with the NvAGP set at 0, put it in place of the downloaded one and let module-assistant do it&#8217;s magic.</p>
<p>Result!  An nvidia module that doesn&#8217;t load any AGP stuff, and thus a rock solid stable system once more <img src='http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':-)' class='wp-smiley' /> .</p>
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		<title>Sound on Toshiba Tecra 8000</title>
		<link>http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2005/10/sound-on-toshiba-tecra-8000/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2005/10/sound-on-toshiba-tecra-8000/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 21 Oct 2005 17:29:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ghworg</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/?p=29</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m reinstalling debian on my laptop after another brief experiment with Ubuntu, and once more I had to spend several minutes digging around for the correct magic incantation to get sound to work. So I thought I&#8217;d better stick the relevant data up here so at least I&#8217;ll know where to look next time <span style="color:#777"> . . . &#8594; Read More: <a href="http://blog.trollgod.org.uk/2005/10/sound-on-toshiba-tecra-8000/">Sound on Toshiba Tecra 8000</a></span>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m reinstalling debian on my laptop after another brief experiment with Ubuntu, and once more I had to spend several minutes digging around for the correct magic incantation to get sound to work.  So I thought I&#8217;d better stick the relevant data up here so at least I&#8217;ll know where to look next time (and hopefully google will too as I&#8217;m bound to forget).</p>
<p><strong>/etc/modprobe.d/sound:</strong>  (I&#8217;ve split some lines into two so they don&#8217;t mess up my website layout)</p>
<div class="dean_ch" style="white-space: nowrap;">
<p><span class="kw3">alias</span> snd-card<span class="nu0">-0</span> snd-opl3sa2<br />
options snd-opl3sa2 <span class="re2">dma1=</span><span class="nu0">1</span> <span class="re2">dma2=</span><span class="nu0">0</span> <span class="re2">fm_port=</span>0&#215;388 <span class="re2">irq=</span><span class="nu0">5</span> \<br />
<span class="re2">midi_port=</span>0&#215;330 <span class="re2">port=</span>0&#215;538 <span class="re2">sb_port=</span>0&#215;220 <span class="re2">wss_port=</span>0&#215;530 <span class="re2">isapnp=</span><span class="nu0">0</span></p>
<p><span class="re3"># some stuff <span class="kw1">for</span> the OSS drivers</span><br />
<span class="kw3">alias</span> char-major<span class="nu0">-14</span> snd-pcm-oss<br />
<span class="kw3">alias</span> sound-slot<span class="nu0">-0</span> snd-card<span class="nu0">-0</span></p>
<p><span class="re3"># aliases <span class="kw1">for</span> sound card #<span class="nu0">1</span></span><br />
<span class="kw3">alias</span> sound-service<span class="nu0">-0</span><span class="nu0">-0</span> snd-mixer-oss<br />
<span class="kw3">alias</span> sound-service<span class="nu0">-0</span><span class="nu0">-1</span> snd-seq-oss<br />
<span class="kw3">alias</span> sound-service<span class="nu0">-0</span><span class="nu0">-3</span> snd-pcm-oss<br />
<span class="kw3">alias</span> sound-service<span class="nu0">-0</span><span class="nu0">-8</span> snd-seq-oss<br />
<span class="kw3">alias</span> sound-service<span class="nu0">-0</span><span class="nu0">-12</span> snd-pcm-oss<br />
&nbsp;</div>
<p>Then run update-modules to get debian to notice the change, load the module, check that the relevant channels are unmuted in alsamixer and we should be ready to boogy.</p>
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